1. 從官方網站安裝 Visual Studio Code。
2. 安裝 ESP-IDF 插件。

繼承是面向對象編程（OOP）的關鍵特性，它允許類從其他類派生屬性和方法。通過實現一個封裝常用功能的基類，我們可以減少代碼重複並簡化複雜的多任務系統。當將其應用於 ESP32 上的 FreeRTOS 時，繼承使我們能夠創建多功能的任務類，從而簡化創建、管理和重用多個任務的過程。

LED Strip 類將包含用於初始化燈帶和應用各種照明模式的函數，例如固態顏色、顏色波和閃爍效果。

class LEDStrip {
public:
    // Constructor
    LEDStrip(int numLEDs, gpio_num_t dataPin);

    // Basic color set function
    void setPattern(uint8_t red, uint8_t green, uint8_t blue);

    // Overloaded pattern function for a color wave effect
    void setPattern(uint8_t red, uint8_t green, uint8_t blue, int waveDelay, int waveLength);

    // Overloaded pattern function for a blinking effect
    void setPattern(std::vector<std::pair<uint8_t, uint8_t, uint8_t>> colors, int blinkDelay);

private:
    int numLEDs;
    gpio_num_t dataPin;
    void show(); // Placeholder function to simulate LED update
};

此代碼將初始化 ESP32，設置一個簡單的 LEDStrip 類，並實現三種 LED 圖案：固態顏色、顏色波和閃爍——所有內容都在一個文件中。

#include "freertos/FreeRTOS.h"
#include "freertos/task.h"
#include "driver/gpio.h"
#include "esp_log.h"
#include <vector>
#include <utility>  // for std::pair
#include <chrono>   // for timing

// Define the tag for logging
static const char* TAG = "LEDStrip";

// LEDStrip class definition and implementation
class LEDStrip {
public:
    LEDStrip(int numLEDs, gpio_num_t dataPin)
        : numLEDs(numLEDs), dataPin(dataPin) {
        gpio_reset_pin(dataPin);
        gpio_set_direction(dataPin, GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT);
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "LED strip initialized on GPIO %d with %d LEDs", dataPin, numLEDs);
        
        // Initialize last log time for controlling log frequency
        lastLogTime = 0;
    }

    // Solid color pattern
    void setPattern(uint8_t red, uint8_t green, uint8_t blue) {
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Setting solid color pattern: R=%d, G=%d, B=%d", red, green, blue);
        for (int i = 0; i < numLEDs; i++) {
            // Log every 5th LED being set to the specified color
            if (i % 5 == 0) {
                logLEDChange(i, red, green, blue);
            }
            // Actual LED control code would go here
        }
        show();
    }

    // Color wave pattern
    void setPattern(uint8_t red, uint8_t green, uint8_t blue, int waveDelay, int waveLength) {
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Starting color wave pattern with R=%d, G=%d, B=%d, delay=%d ms, wave length=%d LEDs", 
                 red, green, blue, waveDelay, waveLength);
        for (int i = 0; i < numLEDs + waveLength; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < waveLength; j++) {
                int ledIndex = (i + j) % numLEDs;
                // Log every 5th LED being set in the wave effect
                if (ledIndex % 5 == 0) {
                    logLEDChange(ledIndex, red, green, blue);
                }
                // Set LED color here
            }
            show();
            vTaskDelay(waveDelay / portTICK_PERIOD_MS);
        }
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Color wave pattern completed");
    }

    // Blinking multi-color pattern
    void setPattern(std::vector<std::pair<uint8_t, uint8_t, uint8_t>> colors, int blinkDelay) {
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Starting blinking pattern with %d colors, delay=%d ms", colors.size(), blinkDelay);
        for (const auto& color : colors) {
            uint8_t red = color.first, green = color.second, blue = color.second;  // Fix accessing color components
            ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Blinking color: R=%d, G=%d, B=%d", red, green, blue);
            for (int i = 0; i < numLEDs; i++) {
                // Log every 5th LED being set to the current color
                if (i % 5 == 0) {
                    logLEDChange(i, red, green, blue);
                }
                // Set each LED to the current color here
            }
            show();
            vTaskDelay(blinkDelay / portTICK_PERIOD_MS);
        }
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Blinking pattern completed");
    }

private:
    int numLEDs;
    gpio_num_t dataPin;
    unsigned long lastLogTime; // To track the last log time
    const unsigned long logInterval = 500; // Minimum interval between logs in milliseconds

    void logLEDChange(int ledIndex, uint8_t red, uint8_t green, uint8_t blue) {
        unsigned long currentMillis = xTaskGetTickCount() * portTICK_PERIOD_MS;
        if (currentMillis - lastLogTime >= logInterval) {
            ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Setting LED %d to color: R=%d, G=%d, B=%d", ledIndex, red, green, blue);
            lastLogTime = currentMillis;
        }
    }

    void show() {
        ESP_LOGD(TAG, "LEDs updated");  // Simulate the LED update
    }
};

// Main function
extern "C" void app_main() {
    esp_log_level_set("*", ESP_LOG_INFO);  // Set global logging level to INFO
    esp_log_level_set("LEDStrip", ESP_LOG_DEBUG);  // Set specific logging level for LEDStrip class

    LEDStrip strip(30, GPIO_NUM_5);

    // Example patterns with controlled delays
    ESP_LOGI("MAIN", "Setting solid color pattern to Red");
    strip.setPattern(255, 0, 0);
    vTaskDelay(2000 / portTICK_PERIOD_MS);  // Wait 2 seconds

    ESP_LOGI("MAIN", "Setting color wave pattern to Green");
    strip.setPattern(0, 255, 0, 100, 5);
    vTaskDelay(2000 / portTICK_PERIOD_MS);  // Wait 2 seconds

    ESP_LOGI("MAIN", "Setting blinking pattern with multiple colors");
    std::vector<std::pair<uint8_t, uint8_t, uint8_t>> colors = {{255, 0, 0}, {0, 255, 0}, {0, 0, 255}};
    strip.setPattern(colors, 500);
}