\u52d5\u614b\u985e\u578b\uff08Dynamic Typing\uff09<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u7bc4\u4f8b<\/strong>\uff1a\u57fa\u672c\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b\u7684\u81ea\u52d5\u63a8\u65b7<\/p>\n\n\n\n# Automatic Data Type Inference\nx = 10 # Integer (int)\ny = 3.14 # Floating-point number (float)\nname = \"Alice\" # String (str)\nis_active = True # Boolean (bool)\n\n# Check data types\nprint(type(x)) # <class 'int'>\nprint(type(y)) # <class 'float'>\nprint(type(name)) # <class 'str'>\nprint(type(is_active)) # <class 'bool'><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u91cd\u9ede<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\ntype()<\/code> \u662f Python \u5167\u5efa\u7684\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6aa2\u67e5\u8b8a\u6578\u7684\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n- Python \u6703\u6839\u64da\u8ce6\u503c\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u81ea\u52d5\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8b8a\u6578\u7684\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b\uff0c\u7121\u9700\u624b\u52d5\u5ba3\u544a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Python \u5167\u5efa\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b\u8a73\u89e3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Python \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u7a2e\u5167\u5efa\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u64da\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u7279\u6027\u548c\u7528\u9014\u9078\u64c7\u9069\u5408\u7684\u985e\u578b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b\u5206\u985e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6578\u503c\u985e\u578b (Numeric Types) :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\nint<\/code>\uff08\u6574\u6578\uff09:\u00a0<\/strong>\u8868\u793a\u6c92\u6709\u5c0f\u6578\u9ede\u7684\u6578\u5b57\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u00a01<\/code>,\u00a0100<\/code>,\u00a0-50<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\nfloat<\/code>\uff08\u6d6e\u9ede\u6578\uff09:<\/strong>\u00a0\u8868\u793a\u5e36\u6709\u5c0f\u6578\u9ede\u7684\u6578\u5b57\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u00a03.14<\/code>,\u00a0-0.001<\/code>,\u00a02.0<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\ncomplex<\/code>\uff08\u8907\u6578\uff09:<\/strong>\u00a0\u8868\u793a\u8907\u6578\uff0c\u5f62\u5f0f\u70ba\u00a0a + bj<\/code>\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u00a02 + 3j<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\na = 42\nb = 3.14\nc = 2 + 5j\nprint(type(a), type(b), type(c))<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 (String) : <\/strong>\u7528\u4f86\u5132\u5b58\u6587\u672c\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u652f\u63f4\u591a\u7a2e\u5b57\u4e32\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5207\u7247\u3001\u62fc\u63a5\u3001\u8f49\u63db\u5927\u5c0f\u5beb\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\ngreeting = \"Hello, Python!\"\nprint(greeting.upper()) # Converts to uppercase\nprint(greeting[0:5]) # String slicing, outputs 'Hello'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u5e03\u6797\u503c (Boolean) : <\/strong>\u53ea\u6709 True<\/code> \u548c False<\/code> \u5169\u500b\u503c\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u65bc\u908f\u8f2f\u5224\u65b7\u548c\u689d\u4ef6\u8a9e\u53e5\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\nis_valid = True\nis_empty = False\nprint(type(is_valid)) # <class 'bool'><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u5e8f\u5217 (Sequence Types) :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\nlist<\/code>\uff08\u5217\u8868\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e00\u7a2e\u53ef\u8b8a\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u8cc7\u6599\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5132\u5b58\u4e0d\u540c\u985e\u578b\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\ntuple<\/code>\uff08\u5143\u7d44\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e0d\u53ef\u8b8a\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u8cc7\u6599\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u9069\u5408\u7528\u65bc\u5132\u5b58\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6539\u8b8a\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\nrange<\/code>\uff08\u7bc4\u570d\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \u751f\u6210\u6578\u5b57\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u65bc\u8ff4\u5708\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n# List (mutable)\nfruits = [\"apple\", \"banana\", \"cherry\"]\nfruits.append(\"orange\")\n\n# Tuple (immutable)\ndimensions = (1920, 1080)\n\n# Range\nnumbers = range(1, 6)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u96c6\u5408\u985e\u578b (Set Types) :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\nset<\/code>\uff1a<\/strong> \u5132\u5b58\u552f\u4e00\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7121\u5e8f\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u65bc\u53bb\u9664\u91cd\u8907\u503c\u548c\u96c6\u5408\u904b\u7b97\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\nfrozenset<\/code>\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e0d\u53ef\u8b8a\u7248\u672c\u7684 set<\/code>\uff0c\u9069\u5408\u7528\u65bc\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u53ef\u8b8a\u7279\u6027\u7684\u5834\u666f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\nunique_numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5}\nprint(unique_numbers) # Duplicates are automatically removed: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u6620\u5c04\u985e\u578b (Mapping Type) :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\ndict<\/code> (\u5b57\u5178)\uff1a<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\u4e00\u7a2e\u9375\u503c\u5c0d (key-value) \u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u9069\u5408\u5132\u5b58\u5177\u6709\u5c0d\u61c9\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\nperson = {\"name\": \"Alice\", \"age\": 25, \"city\": \"New York\"}\nprint(person[\"name\"]) # Accessing the value associated with the key 'name'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u53ef\u8b8a\u8207\u4e0d\u53ef\u8b8a\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b\uff08Mutable vs Immutable\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u70ba \u53ef\u8b8a\uff08Mutable\uff09<\/strong> \u548c \u4e0d\u53ef\u8b8a\uff08Immutable\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- \u53ef\u8b8a\u985e\u578b\uff1a<\/strong> \u5167\u5bb9\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u5982
list<\/code>\u3001dict<\/code>\u3001set<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n- \u4e0d\u53ef\u8b8a\u985e\u578b\uff1a<\/strong> \u5167\u5bb9\u7121\u6cd5\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u5982
int<\/code>\u3001float<\/code>\u3001str<\/code>\u3001tuple<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n| \u985e\u578b<\/th> | \u53ef\u8b8a\u6027<\/th> | \u5143\u7d20\u9806\u5e8f<\/th> | \u91cd\u8907\u5143\u7d20<\/th> | \u67e5\u627e\u6548\u7387<\/th> | \u61c9\u7528\u5834\u666f<\/th><\/tr><\/thead> |
|---|
| List<\/td> | Yes<\/td> | Yes<\/td> | Allowed<\/td> | O(n)<\/td> | Dynamic collections<\/td><\/tr> |
| Tuple<\/td> | No<\/td> | Yes<\/td> | Allowed<\/td> | O(n)<\/td> | Fixed data structures<\/td><\/tr> |
| Set<\/td> | Yes<\/td> | No<\/td> | No<\/td> | O(1)<\/td> | Uniqueness checking<\/td><\/tr> |
| Dict<\/td> | Yes<\/td> | Yes*<\/td> | Unique keys<\/td> | O(1)<\/td> | Key-value mappings<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n\nPython 3.7+ \u6b63\u5f0f\u78ba\u8a8d\u5b57\u5178\u4fdd\u7559\u63d2\u5165\u9806\u5e8f<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n\u52d5\u614b\u985e\u578b\u8207\u985e\u578b\u63d0\u793a\uff08Type Hinting\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\nPython \u662f\u52d5\u614b\u985e\u578b\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u8457\u8b8a\u6578\u7684\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u96a8\u6642\u6539\u8b8a\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u578b\u5c08\u6848\u6216\u591a\u4eba\u5354\u4f5c\u6642\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 \u985e\u578b\u63d0\u793a\uff08Type Hinting\uff09<\/strong> \u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u7684\u53ef\u8b80\u6027\u548c\u7dad\u8b77\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u7bc4\u4f8b<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u985e\u578b\u63d0\u793a<\/p>\n\n\n\ndef greet(name: str) -> str:\n return f\"Hello, {name}!\"\n\nprint(greet(\"Python\"))\n<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u9032\u968e\u61c9\u7528<\/strong>\uff1a\u642d\u914d mypy<\/code> \u7b49\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u958b\u767c\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9032\u884c\u975c\u614b\u985e\u578b\u6aa2\u67e5\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b\u8f49\u63db\uff08Type Casting\uff09\u6280\u5de7<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\u5728\u5be6\u969b\u958b\u767c\u4e2d\uff0c\u7d93\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u9032\u884c\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b\u8f49\u63db\uff08Type Casting\uff09\uff0cPython \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u7a2e\u5167\u5efa\u51fd\u6578\u4f86\u5b8c\u6210\u9019\u9805\u4efb\u52d9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n # Integer to string\nx = 100\nstr_x = str(x)\n\n# String to integer\nnum = int(\"50\")\n\n# List to set (remove duplicates)\nlst = [1, 2, 3, 3]\nunique_set = set(lst)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9805\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
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![\"Python](\"https:\/\/saludpcb.com\/zh\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/python-tutorial-data-types-cover.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n